Uvavanyo lomlilo aluyona nje indlela yakudala yokutyebisa igolide nesilivere, kodwa kunye neendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuhlalutya igolide nesilivere. I-Geology, imigodi, izinyibilikisi zegolide kunye nesilivere ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ziyisebenzisa njengeyona ndlela ithembekileyo yohlalutyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso. Amanye amazwe amisele le ndlela njengendlela eqhelekileyo. Ilizwe lethu likwayimisele njengendlela esemgangathweni yesizwe yokumisela igolide kugxininiso lwegolide, ugxininiso lobhedu, ubucwebe begolide kunye nealloyi yegolide. Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, kukho iindlela ezintsha zokuhlalutya igolide nesilivere, kwaye izixhobo zokuhlalutya ziya zihambela phambili ngakumbi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela, indlela yokuvavanya umlilo inenkqubo yokusebenza ende kwaye idinga izakhono ezithile. Kukho abahlalutyi abaninzi bazama ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokuhlalutya endaweni yokuvavanya umlilo.
Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuvavanya umlilo ayinakuthathelwa indawo. Ukumiselwa komxholo wegolide kwizinto eziphakamileyo zegolide okanye igolide ecocekileyo, ukuchaneka kwayo kunye nokuchaneka kwayo kungaphantsi kwezinye iindlela zokumisela ngokuthe ngqo. Kucazululo lolamlo lomxholo wegolide nesilivere, uhlalutyo lovavanyo lomlilo lunokunika iziphumo eziqinisekisayo kuwo onke amaqela akwingxabano. Oku kungenxa yokuba uvavanyo lomlilo luneenzuzo ezininzi ezizodwa ezingenazo ezinye iindlela zokuhlalutya:
(1)Ukumelwa kakuhle kwesampulu. Igolide nesilivere zidla ngokufumaneka ngokungalinganiyo kwisampulu ngokomyalelo we<g/t. Uvavanyo lomlilo lunobungakanani besampulu enkulu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-20-40g, kunye neesampuli ukuya kwi-100g okanye ngaphezulu zingathathwa. Ngoko ke, ummeli wesampuli ulungile. Impazamo yesampulu iyancitshiswa ibencinci.
(2) Ukuguquguquka okubanzi. Iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa phantse zonke iisampuli, ukusuka kwi-ore, igolide igxininise kwi-alloy yegolide, indlela yokuvavanya umlilo inokugqiba ngokuchanekileyo igolide kunye nesilivere, kubandakanywa nezo antimonites ezingenako ukusombululwa ngohlalutyo olumanzi. Uhlalutyo lwamacandelo aphambili egolide ecocekileyo, uvavanyo lomlilo lunokufumana iziphumo ezanelisayo. Ngaphandle kweesampulu ezimbalwa kakhulu, le ndlela ingatshintshwa phantse zonke izimbiwa.
(3) Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutyebisa kuphezulu, kufikelela kumaxesha angaphezu kwamawaka alishumi. Isixa esincinci segolide kunye nesilivere sinokutyetyiswa ngokobungakanani ukusuka kumashumi eegram zeesampulu eziqulethe isixa esikhulu sezinto zematrix kwiqhosha legolide lovavanyo. Nokuba iimicrograms zegolide nesilivere ziyatyetyiswa, ilahleko Incinci kakhulu,-ngokubanzi iipesenti ezimbalwa kuphela. Ngenxa yokubunjwa okulula kwe-compound granule (okanye i-slag yokuphucula), kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukumisela kwixesha elizayo.
(4) Iziphumo zohlalutyo zithembekile kwaye zichanekile. Uhlalutyo lwesiqhelo lweNkampani yeRandi yaseMzantsi Afrika yegolide esulungekileyo (>99.9%), iziphumo zohlalutyo ze-74 zesampuli efanayo, ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni (S) 0.0058%. Iziphumo zohlalutyo ze-S ze-10 zeemveliso zasekhaya ezifanayo nazo malunga ne-0.005%. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, abanye abaphengululi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe baye bazama ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo uvavanyo lomlilo ngohlalutyo olutsha lweekhemikhali ezimanzi okanye uhlalutyo lwezixhobo, kodwa abazange baphumelele ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Werbicki et al. kuthelekisa iindlela ezintathu zokuhlalutya ze-Au kwisisombululo-AAS, i-ICP-AES, kunye nendlela yokuvavanya, kwaye wanika ukutenxa okusemgangathweni kwe-S yendlela nganye ehlalutywe ngamalabhoratri angama-18. Isiphumo kukuba iindlela ze-ICP-AES kunye ne-AAS zisisiseko Ezingqinelanayo, kodwa zonke zimbi kancinci kunendlela yovavanyo lwegolide Udonga lwabonisa ukuba indlela yokuvavanya umlilo ifanelekile kwiisampulu ezinomxholo wegolide.<I-1μg ~ 1g, kunye nokuchaneka kwayo kunye nokuchaneka kungcono kunolunye uhlalutyo lwezixhobo.
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